Someone Special :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay

Someone Special When I first saw him, I was sitting in an auditorium kvetch to my mother about how cold it was in there. We and hund carmines of other student-parent pairs were lined up in rows of the large room waiting to be told what to do by property-owning college students in matching tee shirts. I was scanning, like always, for any interesting guys. Upon finding any that appealed to me, whether by genuine attractiveness, unique clothing or vindicatory a pleasant aura, I would watch, study, and try to figure out everything about him, like his attitude, views on the world, and his favorite color. I had been sitting there wondering (probably contradictory all of the other kids who were at State University Orientation) what kind of guy I was going to look for when I arrived a month later to attend classes. Everyone else was lecture with their parents about their class choices and housing contracts. Some were even asking the experts at the podium questions about the uni versity. But this was way beyond me because I had more beta things on my mind. I remember seeing him rise a few rows in front of me with his mother. Im not sure exactly what caught my eye first, but his combust brown hair and rosy complexion kept my stare. He had on a blue shirt that hung un-tucked from his khaki shorts, clothing that intrigued my eyes to follow him, as he squeezed through the metal chairs that someone had set up a little too close. He politely said, Excuse me, and smiled with seemingly complete confidence. I nudged my mother, Right there, I said signaling her to notice his strut. Cute, she said shortly which translated to, I guess I agree Whitney, but I dont look anymore. It was the commonplace answer I got when I asked for her opinion. I would sometimes badger her to elaborate, but the answer always lacked in enthusiasm. We watched him disappear behind a big red curtain that separated the students with and without name-tags, and I began formulating his lif e story. He looked like the I-played-a-few-sports-in-high-school type, pretty normal to me compared to all of the different types of people in the room. He wasnt preppy enough to be the guy that came to college for the sole reason of joining a fraternity, but nowhere close to being the guy that nobody wanted in a fraternity.

Racial Prejudice in British Immigration Policy :: essays research papers

Racial Prejudice in British Immigration PolicyIntroductionThe purpose of this paper is that to shine up what I see as racist, unjust and inhumane elements in Britains immigration system and the culture of secrecy surrounds it. The permanent residents (who has indefinite leave to remain), key to this discussion not the illegal immigrants and bogus asylum seekers. Also immigrations treatments of pack coming over to Britain for a range of other reasons and with written document and visas they expect to be accepted have been highlighted. Mainly my argument is, compared with other countries, UK is more suspicious of all people entering the country and they discriminate against people from underdeveloped countries. I have read and quoted from various books in the Immigration subject area. Mainly, Ms. Catriona J. MacKenzies dissertation Africans & UK Immigration Controls for the degree of Masters in well-disposed Work & Social Policy, which has been submitted to the University of Glasgo w in 1995 greatly helped me to construct this paper. I also conducted a number of interviews in UK and Turkey with individuals with immigration difficulties. I also make extensive use of the Glasgow University Library. Citizenship The membership of individuals in modern democratic societies is marked by the status of citizenship. Those who belong in a given nation-state have documents certifying their membership. more importantly, citizens possess a wide range of civil, political and social rights. The reality has ever been somewhat different. Most nation-states have had groups on their territory not considered up to(p) of belonging, and therefore either denied citizenship or alternatively forced to go through a process of cultural assimilation in order to belong. Moreover, even those with ball membership have often been denied some of the rights vital to citizenship, so that they have not fully belonged. Discrimination based on class, gender, ethnicity, race, religion and other criteria has always meant that some people could not be full citizens. Securing the participation of previously excluded groups has been seen as the key to democratisation. Nazism and the Final Solution temporarily stigmatised racial-biological thinking by and by 1945. However, the New Racism that emerged in the 1970s evaded the opprobrium of biological racism and eugenics by superficially relocating difference away from phenotype and genes and on to culture. This has had dramatic effect on nature and appearance of racism in Britain. By camouflaging hereditary qualities as cultural inheritance, it became possible for mainstream politicians to inject racism back into debates about nationality and citizenship.

An Examination of Deontology and Utilitarianism in Deeply Moral Situati

An Examination of Deontology and Utilitarianism in Deeply Moral Situations Samuel Adams (1722 - 1803), an American patriot and politician, once stated, Mankind are governed to a greater extent by their feelings than by reason1. This statement is significant, as it undermines two of the primary ethical doctrines in philosophy - the deontological perspective defended by Immanuel Kant (1724 - 1804) in Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals (634), and utilitarianism, back up by John Stuart Mill (1806 - 1873) in his essay, Utilitarianism (667). Deontology and utilitarianism are contrasting theories. The former focuses on the intrinsic moral worth of our actions, whereas the latter argues that the consequences of our actions determine their moral value. Nevertheless, some(prenominal) perspectives substantiate Mills claim that our moral faculty.is a branch of our reason, not of our sensitive faculty (678). Reason is an indispensable aspect of Kants deontological view, as he believes the will is a capacity unique to rational beings. In Kants opinion, the will is essential, as it facilitates our ability to act according to the universalizable maxims we establish for ourselves (653). Reason is also a crucial particle of utilitarianism, as it is the intellectual faculty that enables us to distinguish the course of action with the best possible outcome (i.e., the choice that will ensure the greatest gladness or least amount of pain for as many people as possible) (688). However, since both deontology and utilitarianism are governed by the notion that moral judgements are accomplished through reason, can all theory apply in circumstances in which rational thought is not feasible? For example, during World War II, a Nazi soldier offers a ... ...the least possible amount of pain). As a result, the subjective emotional component that invariably arises in situations of moral write reinforces the difficulty in ascribing concrete rules and principles to circ umstances that involve moral deliberation. All that can be shown is that the womans final decision may seemingly correspond to either deontology or utilitarianism in hindsight however, her unavoidable emotional anguish hinders her ability to think rationally in terms of either perspective at the time in which she is forced to make her decision. Work CitedBailey, Andrew, ed. First Philosophy Fundamental Problems and Readings in Philosophy. 1st ed. Toronto Broadview Press, 2002.Notes 1 Steven J. Hayes. Quotes by Adams, Samuel from Basic Quotations. 16 Dec. 2002. Online. 15 Feb. 2004 .

Stress In The Workplace :: Workplace Health and Safety

1. In todays fast paced Air Force, it is very common to hear someone in an office saying "Im so melodyed out". With the big drawdown of personnel in all the armed forces, the Air Force wasno exception. We were forced to do more with less. So for this one reason, it is likely thatyou will find stress is prevalent in the workplace. Because different batch respond differentlyto the same type of stress, some people seem to cope better than others (14). When dealing with computers, the trick is finding a healthy balance between positive, motivating stressand stress overload, which can cloak the body in different counselings. Understanding stress an help you change that feeling into a positive challenge. Therefore, stress with computers can becomea subject of the past. 2. You will find computers in just about every office, regardless of the type of business it is. Intodays world, computers have become the way to do business, communicate with the world, orjust having one for pe rsonal recreation. Office work in general is full of potential stress, fromnot enough firing and noisey offices, to deadlines and demanding bosses. Additional sources ofstress come directly from using the computer monotonous keyboarding, hours of staring at thescreen, and lack of physical movement (285). For these reasons, we need to bear in mind that stress management should be a combination of reducing the stress, relaxing, and rethinkingour expectations and self-demands, i.e., breaking the everyday routine, planning ahead, makingwise use of breaks or lunches, eating right, and exercising every day to keep healthy (286)3. Stress is an instantaneous physical reaction to a danger or demand "muscles tighten, blood blackjack rises, the heart speeds up, and extra adrinaline rushes through your system" (32). Nomatter what you occupation, everyone feels stress at one time or another. Stress is a fact of life-time(32). That is why control stress is to your advantage, versus it controlling you. Learning tocontrol stress is to your benefit so that you feel, 1) calm, instead of nervous, 2) in control, insteadof hassled, 3) alive, instead of burned out, 4) at peace, instead of angry, 5) refreshed/renewed,instead of frazzled (33). Physical and Psychological affects of stress may be prominent if stressexists in your life. Some ways for you to reduce stress include but are not limited to exercise,deep breathing, hobbies (311-12). Personal stress relievers are getting enough sleep, talkworries and anger, and not substituting alcohol, baccy and other drugs for relief of stress

Age of reason Essay -- essays research papers

The Age of Reason was a period in time during the 18th century in atomic number 63 and America when man become enlightened by reason, science, and humanity. The people involved with the Age of Reason were convinced that human reason could discover the earthy laws of the universe, the natural rights of mankind, and the progress in knowledge. Each philosopher had his let ideas and theories about the world, nature, and human beings in general, and every philosopher wrote many essays and books about their own personal ideas and opinions (Sartre4). David Hume was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on May 7, 1711. Educated at home and then at the University of Edinburgh here he studies law only when then decides to pursue an independent study of his own ideas (Sartre 132).     From 1734 to 1737 Hume was busy writing his book, A Treatise of Human Nature, which talked about the problems of thoughtful philosophy (Hampshire 105). However, the public ignored this important piec e of work making Hume feel uniform he was "dead-born." After this horrible reaction to A Treatise of Human Nature Hume went back home where he started thinking more about moral philosophy and policy-making economy. Along with these thoughts Hume wrote books expressing how he felt about these subjects (Snyder34). Essay Moral and Political was one book that enclosed an essay written by Hume dealing with ethics and political economy. Hume felt that ethical thinking was the idea of knowing right from wrong and comes about from ones own self-happiness. Benevolence was the biggest moral good as removed as Hume was concerned. The unselfish understanding of anybody or anythings general welfare was very important to David Hume. Aside from that, Hume also had a great influence in the discipline of skepticism and empiricism, which are two schools of philosophy (Snyder 45). David Humes greatest influences were British philosophers John Locke and Bishop George Berkeley. Hume was abl e to find the differences in reason and sensation just the like Berkeley, but Hume took his findings to another level. Hume was able to prove that reason and rational judgment are nothing more than usual associations of an individuals prior knowledge. (Hampshire, 115) David Hume contributed many excellent points and ideas about ethics, political economy, skepticism and empiricism, and wrote many good pieces of literature about his idea... ...).Philosopher, Friedrich Schleiermacher, had ideas dealing with a more religious aspect (Sartre 57). He believed that religion was the feeling of absolute dependance on a person. He also stated that sins were a result of the inability to make a difference between a dependence of idol and the earth world (Hampshire, 170).     There were many intelligent men all over the world that sat down and thought about extremely significant things during the Age of Reason. Their ideas and opinions are still talked about. These men ar e just a few of the hundreds that contributed to the age of reason whether it is a small contribution or an bulky one. Either way, the different aspects of these men have allowed people in modern times to voice their opinion and not be afraid to try, just like these men have.Works CitiedHampshire, Stuart. The Age of Reason The Seventeenth Century Philosophers. Ayer Company Publishers, Inc. 1977Paine, Thomas. The Age of Reason. Carol publication Group, 1977.Sartre, Jean-Paul. The Age of Reason Vol. 1. Trans. Eric Sutton. Vintage Books, 1973.Snyder, Louis Leo. The Age of Reason. Krieger Publishing Company, 1979.

Ways of Computing the Value of Alternative Projects Essay -- Finance F

Ways of Computing the Value of Alternative Projects When deciding whether to pose in a project an inductor first will equalize investment funds or drop down costs to the expected profit and based on this decision will decide what to do. Depending on the specifics of the project calculating of sunk cost and expected profit might be rather antithetic and will play the main role in the decision to invest, wait and invest later or not to invest at all. More detailed consideration of the standard NPV rule to invest if present value of cash race is greater than sunk cost will show that some projects cannot be simply estimated using this idea. For the irreversible projects such as building a manufacturing plant or buying an option NPV method may not be proper because it does not take into consideration the opportunity cost of waiting for new-made information, and, then investing. In other words, if investor knows that the price of the product producing on the factory will go down o r the product will not be sold at all, because of some new competitive product, he will most likely choose not to build it at all. Now, different investment opportunities may be taken into consideration, for example, building the factory in steps or start using the factory for a different use. Let us calculate a value of the project using regular NPV rule and NPV rule that takes into consideration time effect or this opportunity to wait and invest later. These calculation have been done by many researchers, but Pindick and Dixit in their book Investment Under Uncertainty propose very easy steering to compare different results. We will just use their idea but with a simpler numbers and show how different ways of computing provide different results. On this simple example we can lear... ...umption of presenting net present value as a geometric Brownian motion is the most important one and has been implemented in the financial field for a while. Empirical works by financial instituti ons have shown that such assumption lets investors obtain reasonable results and plan the investment in advance. This technology has been also used in reducing risk on the portfolios when hedging. The obtained results can be easily implemented in the options pricing guess and were applied by Pindick and Dixit in the works. With all the assumptions the model shows realistic results and have been used by many financial institutions since 1980s. References1. Investment Under Uncertainity, Avinash Dixit and Robert Pindick, Princeton University Press, 19942. Investment timing, Robert McDonald and Daniel Siegel, The every quarter Journal of economics, v.111, 1986

Ways of Computing the Value of Alternative Projects Essay -- Finance F

Ways of Computing the Value of Alternative Projects When deciding whether to invest in a project an investor first will comparison investing or sunk prices to the expected profit and based on this decision will decide what to do. Depending on the specifics of the project calculating of sunk cost and expected profit might be rather different and will play the main role in the decision to invest, wait and invest subsequently or not to invest at all. More detailed consideration of the standard NPV rule to invest if present value of cash flow is great than sunk cost will show that some projects cannot be simply estimated using this idea. For the irreversible projects such as building a factory or buying an option NPV method may not be proper because it does not take into consideration the opportunity cost of waiting for new information, and, indeed investing. In other words, if investor knows that the price of the product producing on the factory will go down or the product will not be change at all, because of some new competitive product, he will most likely choose not to build it at all. Now, different investment opportunities may be taken into consideration, for example, building the factory in steps or start using the factory for a different use. Let us address a value of the project using regular NPV rule and NPV rule that takes into consideration time effect or this opportunity to wait and invest later. These count have been done by many researchers, but Pindick and Dixit in their book Investment Under Uncertainty propose very easy way to compare different results. We will just use their idea but with a simpler numbers and show how different ways of computing provide different results. On this simple example we can lear... ...umption of presenting net present value as a geometric Brownian motion is the most important one and has been implemented in the financial field for a while. Empirical works by financial institutions have shown that such ass umption lets investors obtain reasonable results and plan the investment in advance. This technology has been also used in reducing risk on the portfolios when hedging. The obtained results can be easily implemented in the options pricing theory and were utilise by Pindick and Dixit in the works. With all the assumptions the model shows realistic results and have been used by many financial institutions since 1980s. References1. Investment Under Uncertainity, Avinash Dixit and Robert Pindick, Princeton University Press, 19942. Investment timing, Robert McDonald and Daniel Siegel, The Quarterly daybook of economics, v.111, 1986

The Cinema Effect: Illusion, Reality, and the Moving Image Matthew Buckingham: a Man in the Crowd

A Mirrored Image of Reality Realism is a realm of cunning that focuses on an individuals perspective of the real world through the use of varying mediums. In historical times artist have eternally and e trulywhere sought to expand the subject matter of their track down as well as the media in which they realize. It would be accurate to say that the history of governmental suppression of the arts from Egyptian times to Byzantium to Nazism and Zhdanovism is a universeifestation of attempts to limit or abolish expansion of artistic subject matter or new forms or styles.The drive to break out of the boundaries of conventional representation arises from the need to express new gets and perspectives. And as innovations in artistic media reflect collimate technical discoveries and inventions, so also does the drive to expand the horizons of subject matter reflecting fundamental changes in social relations, social needs, and social values and objectives. In the moving picture Effect Illusions, Reality, and the Moving Image collection the various artists seek to create works that integrate cinema into our perceived notion of reality.Amongst the artists featured in the exhibition is Matthew Buckingham. Matthew Buckingham does a twenty minute film based off of Edgar Allan Poes The Man in the crowd also the same name of his film. Edgar Allan Poes The spell in the crowd is a narrative and not an actual film. Buckingham after reading the narrative was struck with how the story could be a metaphor and substitution class for the question of nonfiction filmmaking itself, Buckinghams film is a silent film produced in black and white.There argon servicemany couples with Poes narrative and Buckinghams film. Buckinghams film provides the visual aspect of Poes narrative. But, Buckinghams film is more(prenominal) contemporary, he changes the setting of the film from nineteenth century Paris to that of modern mean solar day Vienna. Poe didnt know capital of the United Kingdom and details are borrowed from Dickens, Poes London sounds more like New York versus nineteenth century London. The details that Poe uses come from a review that Poe did of a story by Dickens.Poe fictionalizes the story by saying, they covered and crossed the edges of the city which would have been impossible to do at that time, his description sounds more like modern day Vienna . With Poes The man in the crowd atomic number 53 man is following a complete stranger that it is unclear whether or not the follower is ever aware that he is being followed or if he ever acknowledges the man that follows him the difference with Buckingham is that he adds some some other character, he introduces the television camera as a character in the film.Edgar Allan Poes story is from one mans point of view, a man sits at a burnt umber shop and watches tribe walk by and describes them, of the people he sees walk by him he is intrigued by an elderly gentleman who walks by him, and theref ore the man in the coffee shop begins to follow him. A man simply becomes interested in another mans manner and then he commits himself to following him secretly for a two dozen hour period in hopes to learn something about the man . In this time frame, the elderly gentleman goes through out London in a distorted fashion going from one place to another in no particular path or reason.Matthew Buckinghams magnetic variation begins with a young man dressed in a black t-shirt and dark colored pants in a cafe. In is the and portion of the film where on that point is some dialogue, which is heard. The young man sits at a table with a large window that pears into the downtown area of Vienna, there are many people that walk by him and catch his eye. While he sits an elder man dressed in a grounds walks by and catches his attention. From this point on the young man begins to follow the sure-enough(a) gentleman in the suit.Throughout the duration of the film the younger man secretly f ollows the older gentleman. The older gentleman does not appear to sense that he is being followed, the man go to various places, there is no clear destination a parallel with Poes story but the older man of the two does not appear to be disoriented in any way whereas in Poes story the man is intrigued by the older man because of his distorted state. In the film most of the stage settings only feature the older man, there are very few scenes where the man walks around crowed areas and spaces allowing the viewer to only focus on this man.There is one part in the film where the man being followed acknowledges his follower, the men are both walking through what appears to be a walking through a bush garden, at this point the man in the suit starts racecourse as if he realizes that soulfulness is following him, but he never turns around to acknowledge the man following him from this point on the man in the suit has disappeared from the film but he is then show in another scene. In th e following scene this is the first time that the younger man is introduced in the film.Throughout the film only the back of the man in the suit is seen we never get a full view of either of the men, now, in this scene the camera is introduced as another character in the film. Before this point in the film is was ambiguous to know whether the younger man was also the camera guy but know it is clear that he is apart of the film as a character. The following scene begins to follow the man in the suit again but this time the viewer is able to get a closer view of him.Both men stand right next to each other and the angle of the camera shifts between the two men. There is a shift in the film the older man becomes a little more unwitting and disoriented as the film continues. The man in the suit begins walks into a crowded area and he looks as if he is trying to find someone or something, at this point both men are close enough to each other to the point where they can physically embrace one another. The older man is preoccupied in his thoughts that he literally brushes past the other man and leaves the building they are in quickly.Transitioning in the film the older man goes to a train station and he at this point appears very disoriented and confused he walks in the station and looks as if he is going to board one of the trains but stops himself and leaves. At this point the man is back outside and the focus shifts from the older man as people walk in front of him and he seems lost within the crowd, night falls and the man is becomes the focus again and he continues to walk aimlessly. He then goes into a bar and he is amongst the many people in the bar, once he leaves it is completely dark and the film ends.This film exemplifies a type of pragmatism because it depicts a realistic aspect of everyday life without exaggeration. The actual film is based on one man the film follows him throughout one twenty-four hour period. The only unrealistic aspect of the film is the film itself, that someone is secretly following another person. The mans actions in the film follow everyday activity. Buckingham created a film that eve allows the viewer to be superimposed within it. The film is displayed from two projectors. The projector is freestanding and has the appearance of a window, just like that of the window in the cafe where the film begins.So once we superimpose ourselves in front of the projector we are now apart of the film. The film becomes real and apart of the viewers reality because even the viewer can experience what is going on and be apart. The viewer now takes the role of the camera or the person following the man and experience what is going on. Also the man in the crowd is a relatable character we can all identify with the man in the crowd. The man that was followed was chosen randomly, he had no fancy he was being followed and he had no distinguishable traits that would make he an obvious candidate. Buckinghams film is similar to a doing by Vito Acconci.Vito Acconci does a performance similar to that of what Buckingham does in his film whereas Acconci follows a man around without his permission. Both artists push the boundaries of what art is and its interactions with life and its reality. Both artists with their work blur the line of artist and the perceived audience/subject. These works can be classified as avant-garde and how they move away from the considered standards and characteristics of art and what it should be art without a specific form and directed perception. In this same manner Matthew Buckinghams film is similar to the photos of Jeff Wall.Jeff Wall uses photography to capture the unalike aspects of our reality and perceived real life. One of Jeff Walls photos is A view from an Apartment, in this photo Wall depicts an ordinary scene amongst two roommates, but he has altered the photo slightly to make the photo appear more realistic, he uses this image to depict two different aspects of our re ality. His work like that of Buckinghams discusses our social ideas of the world. Like that of photography film is able to capture a moment as it happens, with technological advances in both there is the ability to go back and change or manipulate the imagery to something else.With both artist they are able to make their art appear as if it were natural and unchanged. Buckinghams film appears natural and organic without any manipulation, but the characters of the film where all aware of each other and Buckinghams concept and idea for this film thus making this reality artificial. There are interesting and informative accounts of art ranging from strict formalism to psychoanalysis, but that these had best be registered and tried against more general scientific theories of human society and kitchen-gardening.When this is done, the content of the work of art can be related to the means of scientific, realistic and empirical theories of culture and society. This film addresses social concerns within society. The concept of the film and the film itself push the barrier of what is socially acceptable as art. Buckinghams film does push the boundary of what is socially accepted for him to follow another person without their permission and to further document this as a film.

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Essay

IntroductionWhen working in a wellness and social environs, it is important that the touch nature is safe and free of any potential harm. A hazard is any(prenominal)thing that can possibly suit of clothes you this danger. fortuitys range from something being mis perspectived to a overturned object. When identifying a hazard, take chances assessments would take place to find out the best and quickest solution to pr grammatical case any danger. The definition of a risk is the fortune or threat of damage, damage, liability, loss, or any other negative occurrence that is caused by external or internal vulnerabilities, and that may be avoided through preventative exertion.In this booklet I will be identifying and explain the potential hazards in a college environment and how they could affect peoples wellbeing.Classroom Hazard Windows & Loose WiresThere ar a number of different potential hazards in a classroom environment. One sample would be windowpanes in the classroom. eventide though most people wouldnt consider this as a major issue however if on a higher level in a building and the window was non risk assessed possible harm could be caused.All windows in school facilities need to be sentry go study to make genuine an individual will not be able to climb out and potenti on the whole toldy fall. These checks will consist of making true the window has a limit distance of normally around 3 inches 1. This would be essential in an infant or nursery school as jr. children tend to be attracted to what is going on outside and will not be aware of the possible risk they are causing to themselves.Another example of a potential hazard in a classroom is loose cables and wires. This is a common hazard that teachers and pupils do not pay attention to as they do not believe a hazard is there. However a loose wire has the ability to cause numbers of harm to an individual snarly up wires can potentially cause a fire. As well as this, people may trip ove r the wires and harm themselves alongside alter the cables. To reduce the risk of this hazard occurring, wires should be covered once trailed or taped down.Canteen Hazard Fire Exits & Food PreparationA canteen contains many existing hazards one of which is to do with victuals preparation. A hazard in regards to this would be if cross contamination between raw and cooked food (for example) occurs. This would cause food poisoning to anyone purchasing from the canteen merelymore spread diseases. To inhibit this from happening kitchen staff would prepare food on separate, colored chopping boards and make sure that hands are clean from any food to prevent spread.Fire exits are vital in not just a working environment but in every type of building. Fire exits ensure a quick and easy escape in the event of a fire. If the exit is blocked or damaged in any way, this could seriously delay time and harm a person.Toilet Hazard Wet Floor & TapsIn regards to toilets, a wet floor could cause a person to serious injure themselves. A toilet requires to be kept clean at all times because it is a facility that is constantly at use. To prevent this, a cleaner would regularly make sure that the toilets are kept at a high standard.A tap may not be commonly thought of as a hazard however if at the wrong temperature the, this could potentially harm and burn an individual. It is said that the temperature of washbasins should be around 41C for about 30 seconds 2Outdoor Hazard Weather Conditions & LitterAn outdoor vault of heaven can be a more hazardous place as a lot of things are happening at different speeds. Cars will be driving past nearby people will be rushing to lessons or taking their time walking around. These situations become more dangerous as the weather changes which in England, it does a lot.During the winter, the temperature drops and everything starts to wank cold additionally start to freeze. When this happens the fuzee needs to be covered in a layer of salt. If the ground is not covered then the whole collage would be a t risk of slipping over and hurting themselves.P2LegislationsHealth and Safety lap Act 1974The main features of the health and safety at work act is that it provides a framework for ensuring that all employees are in and a health and safety environment. The employer and staff have duty to ensure the health and safety not only of themselves but besides other persons who may frequent the premises, such as children and their parents. Employees are due undertake an approved first aid course and a named person should be appointed to take charge in the event of an disaster. As well as this, properly stocked first aid kit should be available no medication should be kept in the first aid kit. In regards to a health dispense setting, this ensures that children and elderly are looked after as they may not be able to independently.This legislation requires employers to throw substances that are hazardous to health such as tox ic, corrosive or irritant chemicals like cleaningproducts or even bodily fluids. In a setting such as a Nursery, hazardous substances that are not stored properly and are easily accessible to children may cause consummation save poisoning or spilling on themselves. This hazard could be minimized by storing these substances in a high, possibly locked, area so that children are not apparent to get a hold of them and harm themselves. Also, the in veracious disposal of soiled nappies etc, can cause germs to spread and could cause contagion or cross contaminations inwardly the Nursery. This can be avoided by having a specific bin solely for the disposal of soiled nappies to ensure that harm cannot result from this.Food Safety (general food hygiene) Regulation 1995The aim of this regulation is to prevent the spread of food poisoning by ensure that food are kept clean and in the correct standard. Also makes sure that personal hygiene is maintained and food is cooked utter(a)ly. Anyone who owns, manages or works in a food business apart from those working in primary food production such as harvesting, slaughtering or milking is affected by these Regulations. They apply to anything from a hot dog van to a five-star restaurant, from a village hall where food is prepared to a large supermarket, or to a vending machine.The Regulations apply to all types of food and drink and their ingredients. But some businesses generally manufacturers of products of animal origin, such as dairies or wholesale fish markets find out their own product specific regulations. somewhat of the procedures include 3 make sure food is supplied or sold in a hygienic wayidentify food safety hazardsknow which steps in your activities are diminutive for food safety ensure safety controls are in place, maintained and reviewed.Manual Handling operations Regulations 1992The Manual Handling Operations Regulations are aimed at helping employers and the self-employed to reduce the risk of these i njuries and work related accidents occurring by effectively managing the movement of staff, equipment and objects. As far as reasonably practicable the employer mustiness remove any need for their employees to undertake any form of manual handling wherethere is a risk of them being injured. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations require employees to make full and proper use of any system of work put in place by the employer to reduce the risk of wound during manual handling. This ensures that all people in a healthcare setting are being treated correctly and safely.Reporting of Injuries, Disease Occurrences Regulations 1995Reportable injuries (including deaths) do not have to be automatically reported, but must be reported if they occur as the result of a work-related accident. For the purposes of RIDDOR, an accident is a separate, identifiable, accidental incident that causes strong-arm injury. This specifically includes acts of non-consensual violence to people at work. Whe n deciding if the accident that led to the death or injury is work-related, the lynchpin issues to consider are whether the accident was related to 4 the way in which the work was carried outany machinery, plant, substances or equipment used for work and the condition of the site or premises where the accident happened.This is essential in a care setting as it is important to document any injuries that occur. This is because it may influence an individuals health in the future.Policies & ProceduresPolicies ensure that everyone must work within the law and meet the minimum care standards set out by the legislation. Procedures on the other hand are the steps that are needed to be followed to ensure everyones safety within the workplace.Safeguarding policyThe purpose of this policy is to guarantee that every child in the UK is ensured a safe, free from harm upbringing regardless of their age, gender,religion or ethnicity. The main aims of the policy are 6 protecting children from malt reatmentpreventing impairment of childrens health or development ensuring that children are growing up in circumstances consistent with the provision of safe and effective care. taking action to enable all children and young people to have the best outcome.Based on the fact that almost one in five children today experience serious physical abuse, sexual abuse or severe physical or emotional neglect at some point in their lifetime 7, this policy is decisive in a health care setting such as a nursery as it aids teachers and all staff in penetrative what to do if they notice a negative change on a child. They will be able to then take on further action such as contacting the parents, police or social services for example.Reporting AccidentsThe reason wherefore staff need to report any accident or injury that happen with a health care setting is report informs the enforcing authorities (HSE, local authorities and the Office for Rail Regulation (ORR)) about deaths, injuries, occupatio nal diseases and dangerous occurrences, so they can identify where and how risks arise, and whether they need to be investigated. This allows the enforcing authorities to target their work and provide advice about how to avoid work-related deaths, injuries, ill health and accidental loss. 8 The accidents that may occur may not be just on the patient, child or elderly person, they may even be on a member of staff. For example, if an employee were to catch an illness and had to go to hospital, this would be documented as it would be able inform other staff furthermore take further action such as informing parents or checking on patients health.Infection ControlInfection prevention and control is a key element of social care and is vital to the wellbeing of those people who need care and support. It is essential to ensure that people who use health and social care services receive safeand effective care and it must be part of everyday practice and be applied consistently by everyone. F or the majority of care staff working in a residential care home or agency including many who regularly work alone infection prevention and control development is an important part of their induction.Ensuring the appropriate infection prevention and control training is provided, helps employers registered with the Care Quality Commission (CQC) to comply with their requirements. Some of the common procedures the staff will be trained to do in a health care setting would be 9 Disposable gloves and plastic aprons should be worn for all personal care tasks and when in contact with blood or body fluids. Cuts and abrasions or skin lesions (broken skin, eczema and psoriasis) should be covered by a waterproof dressing. Blood and body fluids spillages should be dealt with immediately. Sharps should be disposed of into an appropriate container. Clothing and bedding should be handled and machine washed.If these procedures were not put in place endless of disastrous outcomes could take plac e. In a nursery, a child may cut their finger furthermore start to grab fruit from a bowl therefore spread his/hers blood as well as possible disease. In regards to a residential unit, if a member of kitchen staff was not to dispose the lid of a tin can, a patient may find it additionally use it to injure themselves and others, causing a huge risk to everyone involved.M1Legislations, policies and procedures are vital in a health care setting as it affects the way employees are trained and how they act towards an individual furthermore it also affects the environment in the setting and how the room/building, equipment and furniture is laid out.A health care setting such as Little Dreams Nursery, it is clear that they follow the law to ensure the safety of the children. As you can see, a fire exit is clear from any objects and potential hazards as well as a grip mat which promotes even more security guarantying that no children will fallover (in wet weather) darn doing a fire drill. T he mat does not necessary cover the fire drill policy however does support the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. The nursery also intelligibly state their procedure during a fire evacuation some being stated below 5 All staff and children to assemble in a becalm bearing to the nearest available fire exit Room Leader must take the register Staff must then do a quick head count whilst nursery manager / person in charge is checking all areas of the nursery In a calm and quick manner staff must then safely lead all the children to the assembly point (bottom of the garden) Room leader must then do a thorough head countIf this policy was not in place or was not practiced by both children and staff, consequence could result into serious injury and possibly even death. Children are dependent on staff to guide them to safety as they do not have the ability to do it themselves. This is why all staff at all facilities should know a fire drill procedure off by heart to certify a quick , fast and safe technique.Another example of how legislations, policies and procedures help to promote the safety and security of individuals in a health care setting is by having staff training courses for all policies and procedures that are involved in the workplace. For instance, staff that work in an elderly home have to take communication training course. This would range from while bathing them, to morning talks. Because elderly people do not have the same social and mental development as they did in earlier years, they get forgetful, confused and sometimes even aggressive.By having a training course like this, staff and patients will be able to communicate effectively whether that is in regards to asking about their medications or any difficulties that the individual may be having to staff asking Mr Smith how was he feeling today.References1 http//www.earlychildhoodnews.com/earlychildhood/article_view.aspx?ArticleID=2732file///C/Users/14072941/Downloads/Codesofpractice_high risk.pdf3http//adlib.everysite.co.uk/adlib/defra/content.aspx?id=000IL3890W.184SZ8ZDD965AA4http//www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg453-rev1.pdf5 resurrect DRILLS http//www.littledreamsnursery.com/policies-and-procedures6http//www.safenetwork.org.uk/getting_started/Pages/Why_does_safeguarding_matter.aspx7 Based on NSPCC research with 11-17 year olds Radford et al (2011) Child abuse and neglect in the UK today.8http//www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg453.pdf9 http//www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source= mesh&cd=2&sqi=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.leics.gov.uk%2Finfectious_control_procedure.doc&ei=GBI0VJHDM8Kf7gaz0oD4DQ&usg=AFQjCNHF4y68ut-9icdb_HuGbmClHig76w

One Nation Under Corn?

A position paper d unrivaled in fall of 2012 on the cause and affect of the industrialized give crop. I decided on this subject after my own battle with illness. This battle, ended up changing my diet, and my life as it turns out. I take a shit almost all in all removed any feed derived product from my life (all-be-it difficult sometimes) and am a cherishonent of a purely organic vegetarian diet. One Nation downstairs corn whisky? Chad Cribb DeVry University One Nation Under Corn One of the many freedoms we enjoy in this gr course country is the freedom to choose what you will eat and when you will eat it.Pull up to your favorite fast intellectual nourishment burger restaurant, and little thought goes into the entire process. From the drive there, to the ordering of your food, and the packaging they are contained in. When we think to a greater extent about it, as Michael Pollan did in his book, The Omnivores Dilemma, there is a whole lot more going on. Pollan dives deep into t he heart of our nations fascination with the corn crop and its many uses. Corn started out as a crop braggy to feed its people. But in this day and age, actually little is actually eaten. Corn has become a giant in the food industry, at a low price thanks in take up to the government help.We started this nation as one based in principle and in the pursuit of freedom. and now it seems corn. But who is the real beneficiary of this corn crop? And just as importantwho are the losers? Corn has been around since recorded history and has played a major role in good deal and many complex social societies. Corns spread across the globe began after contact between the European colonial powers and indigenous peoples of normality and South America. It continued on to Africa during the buckle down trades and was used to actually pay for them. Whats more, it was a source of power for the African middlemen involved in the slave trade.Fast forward now to the 1940s and 1950s as corn and corn b ased foods became crucial in the agriculture market to sustain military parade during the war. It was after the war that America saw a huge surplus in corn yield partly imputable to the impertinently hybrid seeds and fertilizers that had belatedly been manufactured. This surplus had a dramatic effect on the market and the market prices. It was these prices, over the age that caused unpredictable price swings (Wise 2005-9). As our population has increasingly grown thru the years, our need for more food has increased along with it.The polarity between the two was un braced and by using the free market approach, farmers regularly had booms and busts in the market. Making farmers the target of continued and increasing depressed prices in their crop. The government soon stepped in with The New Deal, in order to bring sum into caudex with demand, an approach known as supply management using conservation set-asides, a price floor guaranteeing a fair price (like having a minimum wage) , and a grain reserve to deal with overproduction. What was not widely known, it appears, is the corpo put-world began lobbying for a free market approach again.Beginning in the 1970s, they used the World intellectual nourishment Crisis and the Russian Wheat Deal to validate their argument to government. Coupling that with the notion of getting government out of agriculture. The result of that was that prices collapsed by the late 1990s and the government had to bail out farmers with millions in emergency subsidy payments. Prices completely collapsed shortly after the 1996 Freedom to Farm Act, causing expensive taxpayer bailouts. By 2000, subsidies provided 49% of farmers net income. This has helped the corn industry to comprise 95% of all food grain produced in America (USDA 2010).The governments well-intended approach to help prop up the industry, in fact, created a market dependent on the very subsidies that were created to help it. Between 1995 and 2006, the government paid ou t $56 billion in corn subsidies (Wise 2005-12). Whats more, it helps create a market monopoly. With only 3 companies controlling 90% of the corn market, 2 companies controlling the corn seed market, and 4 companies controlling the high fructose corn syrup industry, the effect should be clear. But as Pollan points out, Its not about who is profiting, but rather who is detriment (Pollan 2006).Most of what we see in the news is the emphasis placed in the trials and tribulations of the farmer, for the benefit of the consumer. But is it really the consumer who benefits? If the price of food per calorie is the magic calculation, then the answer is yes. But if the average weight per person is, then the answer is no. As the corn industry exploded and the number of companies shrank, corn began a new transformation into other parts of the food industry and more. This came in the form of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), gasoline additives, plastics, and cattle feed to form a few.Cattle feed now encompasses over 50% of the industrialized corn produced in America (Wise 2005-11). The increase of this has helped create the perpetual cycle that has infested the industry, and moreover, the agricultural insurance that affects it. The overproduction of corn has led to an overconsumption of corn mostly in an indirect way. Americas agriculture and international trade policies have created an environment that breeds monopolies and corruption. man-sized business lobbyist has taken hold in an industry that believes in the bottom line.This philosophy has squeezed out the once popular sugar cane, and ushered in the cheaper, good produced, HFCS for its products. Because the government has placed so many incentives on the production of corn, other more healthy crops have been left behind. Crops like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains have apace become a thing of the past. The relationship between government and business has become as unhealthy as the population consuming the prod ucts they produce. At one point, it almost finds like the industry wanted the market to crash and the government to step in.One would ask why anyone would want that. Because subsidizing the industrial crop ensures it stays at a cheap price for one. Secondly, the corporations who buy corn to turn into high fructose corn syrup (used in almost every food product) or as feed for livestock, or ethanol for vehicles operations have profited by the billions. Thirdly, the corporate consolidation of our food system as whole. When you think about it, it reaches thru banks, seeds, fertilizers, grain traders, food processors, manufacturing plant, to retailing. Walsh says, This kind f uncompetitive market squeezes the farmer on both sides (Walsh-2009). This notion seems to place a lot of blame on the subsidies themselves. My competition is that subsidies are not the problem with our food system, but merely a product of a broken system. To fix the farm policy, legislators must first have a clear understanding of who wins and who loses under the current system and why. Also, the high tariffs placed on sugar cane need to be downsized to allow for balance in the market. But this is a prime example of how the governments intention to help has unintentional consequences.I believe that the root of our problem today is the clinging to a free market food system. One that allows commodities like corn to be priced so low that would allow big business to develop monopolies over farmers and corn while reaping huge profits because of cheap corn. America now spends less of our income on food than any other generation in history (Pollan-2002). When you look at it in perspective, the agriculture our grandparents helped build was now growing fast food. This affecting our wallets, farmlands, and waistline.Some may say that our waistline and rate of disease are due to laziness and other factors. I disagree. I believe they are a direct relation to cheap, processed food made by cheap, industri alized corn. In order for us to decrease the consumption of corn, the government needs to cease its subsidizing of it. This will do two things. One, it let the markets adjust themselves at a rate that creates dependence on itself rather than assistance. Two, tighten the ability of lobbyist to affect change in agriculture and government policy that increase benefits to the very few.The bottom line here is this big business reaps profits at the expense of the farmer. And the consumer? Well. we are just scenery it seems in this great manipulation of industrialized food industry. And as I see it in an economy where every dollar counts, doesnt it make sense for the government to hang onto theirs? Pollan, Michael. The Omnivores Dilemma. A earthy History of Four Meals. April 2006 This well-known book has been called an eaters manifesto by critics and peers alike. Pollan, Michael. Whats America Eating? Smithsonian, June 2006. Retrieved on October 4, 2012 http//michaelpollan. om/articles-ar chive/whats-eating-america/ An article, written with a chronological touch, that takes reader from soup-to-nuts on the history of corn and how it came to western America. Pollan, Michael. When Crop Becomes King. NY Times. July 2002. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 http//www. organicconsumers. org/toxic/toomuchcorn071902. cfm An article written in a way that is easily understood for most. This article describes Zea Mays (original term) from Central America to what we know today as corn Walsh, Bryan. Getting Real About the High Price of Cheap Corn.Time Magazine. August 21, 2009. http//www. time. com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1917726-2,00. html Walsh is a senior writer for Time Magazine and a correspondent for the last 8 years Health Journalism Fellowship from the Center for Disease Control Foundation. As part of this fellowship, he attended training at the U. S. Centers for Disease Control during summer 2010. Wise, Timothy. Identifying the Real Winners from US Agricultural Policies. Tufts University. December 2005. Retrieved October 1, 2012. http//www. ase. tufts. edu/gdae/Pubs/wp/05-07RealWinnersUSAg. pdf

By Choice or Chance Essay

By Choice or Chance? The Boat English 12 Alex McDonald The Boat written by Alistair MacLeod, is a story told from the perspective of a man looking back on his life. Its almost the difficult lifestyle that fishermen in Nova Scotia lead. The story is told about the mans childhood, focusing on this bring and the fishing lifestyle he has grown up in. The story really focuses in on the father- countersign relationship, where the father would prefer his son getting an education and not having to live the dangerous lifestyle he does, which in the end kills him.The father in the story commits self-destruction at the end of the story by jumping off his boat durning a storm. Many things contribute to his death such as the fact that he no drawn-out wanted his son to follow in his footsteps as a fisherman, he was never really meant to be a fisherman in general and all together the father was just not happy with his life. The father never wanted his son to follow in his footsteps and become a fisherman. He had al focusings wanted his son to be able to go and get an education, unlike him.He burned and reburied over and over again and his lips hush up cracked so that they bled when he smiled, and his arms, especially the left, still broke out into the oozing salt-water boils as they did ever since as a child I had introductory watched him soaking and bathing them in a variety of ineffectual solutions. The chafe-preventing brackets of brass kinked chain that all the men wore about their wrists in early spring were his abounding season and he shaved but painfully and only once a week. (Page 121). The father is obviously unhappy and cannot find any other way out of his lifestyle.In this story the father does not lead a very happy life, from the disappointment of his career, to his family. All of his children except his son no longer lived at home, or even visit, his wife was constantly unhappy with her own life which took a toll on him and the two other reasons already di scussed do the father unhappy. He had to marry my mother and checked the dates on the flyleaf of the Bible where I learned that my oldest sister had been born a prosaic eleven months after the marriage, and I felt myself then very dirty and debased for my lack of faith and for what I had thought and done.And then there came into my heart a very great love for my father and I thought it was very much braver to spend a life doing what you really do not want sooner than selfishly following forever your own dreams and inclinations. And I knew then that I could never leave him alone to suffer the iron-tipped harpoons which my mother would forever hurl into his nous because he was a failure as a husband and a father who had retained none of his own. And I felt that I had been very venial in a little secret place within me and that even the completion of high school was for me a silly shallow selfish dream.So I told him one night very resolutely and very powerfully that I would remain w ith his as lng as he lived and we would fish the sea together. And he made no protest but only smiled by means of the cigarette smoke that wreathed his bed and replied, I hope you will remember what youve said(121-122) This bring up is where you start to realize that the author is foreshadowing the suicide of the father, so at the end it is no wonder he finial decides to end his life of suffering through a job he hated and his sons.The father is just so unhappy with his life that he cannot deal with it anymore. He hates seeing his son become the man he is. The perfect place to end his life in his eyes is on the boat he was bound to for so legion(predicate) years. The father commits suicide because he no longer wants his son to have to follow in is footsteps as a fisherman, he was never meant to be a fishermen, and in general he was just not happy with his life.

Attitude and Behaviour

It would seem reasonable to press the existence of a link between billet and conduct and to further assume that it is those similar placements that determine that behavior. However, there are m some(prenominal) variables to consider which may affect the strength of much(prenominal) a link. It is important to light upon between the influence of different types of attitude (reference), the first type being attitudes towards general entities and the second being attitudes towards more specific ones.This essay will learn at how attitudes ass be a poor predictor of demeanour on a broad perspective but become effective predictors when looked at in a narrower and more specific way. However, the additional imp morsel of a wide array of former(a) variables undermines the accuracy of the link between attitudes and behaviour and complicates the draw of clear conclusions. Attitude is defined by Eagly and Chaiken in their book The Psychology of Attitudes as a psychological tendency t hat is expressed by evaluating a fact entity with some degree of favour or disfavour. reference) In other words, an attitude is a judgement or evaluation made about any entity which can be assessed along a measurement of favourability.As well as a persons attitudes differing in positivity, (i. e. some attitudes possessed can be arbitrary, neutral or negative), they also can differ in strength, (i. e. one may feel more strongly about a authorized topic than another), and therefore consider it a more important topic. In brief, behaviour is the actions of an individual which can be intentively measured. Some may argue that attitudes are a weak predictor of behaviour.In 1969, Wicker, after reviewing studies such as that of Richard LaPiere, concluded that attitudes and behaviour are only when slightly, if at all, related. LaPiere, in the 1930s, seemed to conjure up very little correlation between attitude and behaviour. LaPiere travelled around America with an Asian couple at a tim e where anti-Asian prejudice was prevalent. Although come to that the couple would be refused from many of the hotels along the way, he found that only one out of the 250 hotels did so. After his travels, LaPiere sent a letter to each of the hotels enquire whether they would allow Chinese guests.Of all his replies, only one declared they would serve a Chinese guest. This study, and others like it at the time, seemed to suggest very few links between attitude and behaviour. However, there are a number of problems with this study, such as the fact that there is no guarantee that the person who answered the letter is the same person who let the Chinese couple stay. The question in the letter as to whether they would let a Chinese couple in is also excessively broad a statement as it does not specify if they are a well-dressed Chinese couple accompanied by an American college professor (ref).The limits of the advantage of attitude predicting behaviour can also be seen by the fact t hat similar attitudes held by different people can lead to different behaviour from those individuals. Indeed, Thurstone wrote It is quite conceivable that two men may have the same degree or intensity of effect favourable towards a psychological object and that their attitudes would be described in this sense as identical but that their overt actions would take quite different forms. ref print out) In other words, one cannot predict an individuals actions according to his/her attitudes as two different people with the same attitude towards something may act according to that attitude in completely different ways. There are also many other factors which will determine how effective attitude is in predicting behaviour. One such factor is the strength of the attitude which one holds. The stronger ones attitude, the more likely it is to predict behaviour. This is because if a person holds a very strong positive attitude towards something, they are likely to act positively towards it.Ho wever if that person holds another, weaker, attitude towards something, thereby valueing it of less importance, they will be less likely to act according to that attitude. Furthermore, an attitude based on direct experience rather than second hand information will be more effective in predicting behaviour. This was demonstrated in a study by Fazio and Zanna, 1981, whereby participants were asked to solve several puzzles. One the one hand, in the second hand condition, some participants were shown how to solve the puzzles, and on the other, in the direct experience condition, some participants were allowed to work on the puzzles beforehand.Attidude being measured as intrest shown, and behaviour being measured as the order and parity of the puzzles solved, the test showed a correlation between attitude and behaviour of between . 51 and . 54 in the direct experience condition while only between . 22 and . 20 in the indirect experience condition. (ref printout). It can therefore be see n that attitudes can predict behaviour under some cercumstances, such as those layed out by Fishbein and Ajzen.The extent to which attitude can predict behaviour is also circumstantial to factors such as how one persives the importance of that attitude and what that attitude is based upon. Behaviour is also affected by other factors which may be opposing to the attitude held by an individual. Subjective norms and perceived behaviour controle also influence behaviour. Therefore, when looking at all three together, predicting behaviour may be effective, however, when looking at attitude by itself such predictions may be weak.

My best educational experience Essay

My best educational experience was learning to endeavour my car. My insert throw name taught me how to understand the basics of driving as well as defensive driving. He or she would always state that driving was a big responsibility. I always wondered why driving a car could be a responsibility and I learned it very slowly during my driving course in school. Our instructor stated that driving was a two-way encounter with others and your own vehicle. He did not allow us to get into a car until we mute the rules of the road. For instance, did you know that you must wear a seatbelt no matter what?And its also important to check under and in your car in the beginning cranking the kindling? I never thought that stuff was important unless it was in a movie. After he ensured us that it was for our safety, I check to make sure Im okay. Learning the rules of the road was an light-colored task. We had to learn about the signal lights, lines of the roads, and basics of driving with others. My vision test (signal lights and signs) was a breeze because the signs were so easy to remember. At first, I could not remember which sign meant construction workers and pedestrians now I can recognize any sign that involves individuals crossing my path.Learning how to campaign a car also meant learning how to understand my car. Our driving instructor taught us the general structure of a car by posting pictures and having material parts in our class. Each day, we learned a new part and how it functions in our car. The third day of class was our messiest he brought a transmission into our classroom with oil on it. He stated that our cars would not be able to move if our transmission did not work. I really didnt know that before he told me and it makes me wonder how naive I would have been without knowing it.By the end of the seven weeks, our instructor took us on the road. I was the 12th device driver listed for an on-road exam for my permit. I was very nervous because I had to get on the road with other experienced drivers. My instructor told me to be careful and relax. I relaxed thus I was careful with my driving. I realized that being uptight about the situation could make things worse. Driving a car was not surgery (even though our instructor made it seem that way). Driving was an enjoyment because I could determine my destinations.If I wanted to get away and go to the beach, all I had to do is crank my car and fill up the tank. The freedom of driving has taught me how to appreciate my time. By having access to a vehicle, I realized that I was fortunate to sprightliness comfortable behind a wheel. Cars are a big responsibility and I agree with insert figure name. It does take a responsible person to give out highways at high speeds in a vehicle. Im glad that I was able to become one of those responsible people and learning to drive was an amazing experience it taught me how to guide myself in the right direction.

Purple Short Crabs

colour Shore Crabs, Hemigrapsus nudus, be small crabs that be similar in structure to true crabs. They have carapaces that atomic number 18 ordinarily found to be 4-5. 6 cm. A distinguishing characteristic of the Purple Shore Crabs is their lack of setae. They are usually found to be dark purple, olive green or red with white or cream marks, on their carapace. Their legs match the color of their carapace but have white tipped claws. though Purple Shore Crabs are capable of living out of peeing for several hours, they take away moisture to survive.These crabs respire with a gill system in which they take in oxygen-rich water orally, obtaining oxygen by diffusion then expelling the excess water and carbon dioxide through their gills. They are commonly found under rocks anywhere from low-tide to mid-tide zones as well as reefs as far implement as 10 metres. Purple Shore Crabs prefer an environment in which the shores are medium-energy to high-energy. When their shelters are dis turbed, they tend to race towards shelters such as other rocks, ledges, holes and crevices.Purple Shore Crabs are scavangers with dietary preferences that intromit worms, dead organisms, molluscs, small gastropods, small crabs, algae, carrion and seaweed. The purpose of our investigation is to determine whether there is a relationship between the relative distance to the shore and the population density of Purple Shore Crabs. To determine this, 3 transects were rigid perpendicular to the shoreline of Eagle Bay, Bamfield.A random number generator was used to determine 5 completely honest numbers. These numbers were used to establish the distance of which the quadrats were placed. For each number, 1 quadrat was placed by the top leftfield corner of each of the 3 transects. To calculate the population density of Purple Shore Crabs, the number of Purple Shore Crabs within each quadrat was counted and recorded. To avoid re-counting of an individual crab, crabs were counted after bein g placid in a bucket.

The Contribution of Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux to Landscape Architecture

4)To what extent Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux have contri thated to the professional pattern of Landscape architecture. twain Frederick Law and Calvert Vaux are actively take parting in Landscape interior decoratorural projections in the 19Thursdaycentury. Calvert Vaux was a immature Architect in the twelvemonth 1857. He collaborated with Frederick Law in the central cat valium competition. by from beautify undertakings Vaux excessively committed himself as an jut give awayer planing assorted houses that harmonises with nature. Frederick Law Olmsted reality known as the Founder of American Landscape architecture every bit good as a known park objectiveer by the National Park Service.Frederick Law Olmsted started the being a Landscape Architecture after experimenting and seeking out m whatever contrary c completelying Fieldss. From a correspondent, societal observer and husbandman. He had many involvements in his early life.In ornament architecture, Olmsted combined his ideas and involvements in rural life and conditions and ideas of fencesitter glorification to make a raw(a) signifier of civil technology that non merely focuses on its subroutine but every bit good as beauty.The Urbanization Olmsted seen on the route with its involvement in rural billets shortly make him valued to work as a Landscape Architect. As he was touring about in Britain in the 1850s, he visited Englands Birkenhead Park, which was an of entailment and a accelerator in embarking into the landscape calling way.In the twelvemonth 1858, the metropolis commissi 1rs selected, out of the entire thirty-tree designs being submitted in the competition for the new park ( Central Park ) the one chosen Greensward, which was the coaction work of Frederick Law and Calvert Vaux.Central Park is the acknowledgment of this design through its present momentant characteristics. It was besides one of the earliest illustrations of a park that is being referred as a well bal ance work of landscape architecture, every bit good as the first in any state to suggest broad loosen uping evidences which have the beauty of minimalist natural scenery as it met the qualities of complete enclosure by a tightly built metropolis.Central Park was a great success where some(prenominal) he and Vaux are adequate to(p) to closely towards each early(a). The usage of hills, trees and curve paseos created a signifier of tranquility and farness from the metropolis. Both Olmsted and Vaux besides formed a company and designed major Parkss in Brooklyn, Buffalo and more. Apart from the formed company, Olmsted besides founded his ain in-person house in the 1883 which led him to travel his place to overhaul Boston and created Fairsted known as the worlds first professional office for the Landscape Design.Vaux and Olmsted so started a long partnership with each other where they form the landscape thoughts of the place that should be played in the life of metropoliss. But unma rried inputs by each of them has ever been ill-defined. Some besides argued that Vaux must be taking in the undertaking as he is more insure in landscape architecture as compared to Olmsted, thitherfore there is no ground to misbelief Vauxs design. Soon after, the parks governments had decided to do Olmsted the Head Architect with Vaux as an helper. Although Olmsted had a batch of enduring in the ulterior old ages in order to play up Vaux of import function towards the design every bit good as the development of the Parkss, Vaux had ever snarl that he did non had the celebrity that he should have.Apart from the Central park undertaking, Olmsted and Vaux besides collaborated in 1865 after the genteel War on what many referred as their roughly successful design The Brooklyns Prospect Park. not merely that they besides designed several other Brooklyn Parkss which includes the Carroll Park in Carroll Gardens, Washington Park and the border Ground and Tompkins Square.Olmsted and Va ux besides created a new signifier of tract that is able to work out the job of inefficiency of Brooklyns Grid Street system. These landscaped pavings are used to link assorted different vicinities to different Parkss all around the queens boundary line.Olmsted crafted assorted illustrations of designs which the Position of Landscape Architecture is able to heighten the quality of life in America. These include big urban Parkss being devoted to the clutch and engagement of the scenery and designed to defy and equilibrate out the bogusness of the metropolis and the emphasis of modern life. wizard of the most of import conveyances were the Private carriages a smooth route reserved for them that is able to link Parkss and bypass the advantages of public green infinite around the metropolis.Olmsted and Vaux designed the park to be able to make ways and way for the walkers and passenger cars to bask and look up to the park without holding to rag each other. The design of the roads is considered extremist as it allows vehicular entree to drive through the park without being carve up from the parks experience.It provides an array of public installations for the occupants and scenic saving safeguarding countries of extraordinary landscape beauty from death every bit good as commercial utilizations. Garden / landscape design could better both(prenominal) consciousness every bit good as the self-reflections of residents. With an increasing figure in alfresco flats, it encourages outdoorsy activities where the garden infinite is a specified preparation land for the citizens populating around it. Governmental edifices would hold been more efficient and do understand the importance of planning.Olmsteds design attack showed the complexness of his perceptual experience and even paid attending to the slightest inside informations for a occupant in harmonising green-space. Olmsted understands the concluding behind his landscape work which is capable of impacting the em otions of others. This was rather noticeable throughout his park designs, where he designed the pavings of the scenery much(prenominal) that the visitants would be saturated. Able to see the healing action of the landscape as what Olmsted would depict it as unconscious(p) procedure. In order to accomplish this result, he overpowered all the elements of the design in doing the land-art contacts more elusive.Olmsted ever wanted to believe in front of the current tendencies and actions and being able to deduce his designs based on the of import rules of human psychological science. In item, he cross referenced from the analysis of earlier British casuist of tough-minded landscape and their attending towards the particular qualities of composing and attractive scenery.The kernel of agricultural landscape was the incline cervid park, making an emotion of an hypertrophied infinite and its finely inflected land and smooth, a cropped lawn. He was able to gain that this manner is known as his particular expression to bring around the full-grown effects of an modern life. The Picturesque manner was being used in deep and worn out terrain, and followed by seting with a thick bed of different land screens, bushs and etc. This finally will prove in a idea of charitableness, outpouring and secretiveness. His utmost experience of this consequence was on the Isthmus of sailor as he was go throughing through a journey to California. Where both signifiers includes the qualities of infinitude, and the deficit of remarkable objects for a item geographic expedition.As Olmsted defined it, the term scenery is neer applied to vision of any field that is seen as consecutive forward. Hence it should hold a degree of complexness in its forms and visuals at hand(predicate) towards the oculus, unimportant inside informations when looked farther off. These characters were of import for the unknown gesture of the scenery in head. They were besides an of import component to his design as practicing benchmarks for keen apprehension. The criterion of elegance that includes a mixture, complexness and a all right series of surfaces, colorss and tones were of import to Olmsted creative and cultivating intent.Although the site that Olmsted favoured needs a at least a rainfall in order to accomplish its result, he understood that bulk of the United States does hold a different conditions. Follo shape upg that he sets out to develop a distinguishable landscape technique for the South, magic spell in the West it requires a water-conserving technique. He applied the techniques of this attack with six undertakings in the San Francisco Bay and Colorado.During Olmsted calling, he and his house completed out over 500 commissioned undertakings. Which includes 100 Parkss and diversion countries, with over two hundred private estates every bit good as legion residential undertakings and campus design for a play around of academic establishments. Olmsted himself is a originati ve interior decorator, even though he had problem with showing his thoughts in words. With about six thousand letters were still about till this yearss, With its treatment with 300 design committees. And at times he paid for the publications every bit good as public dispersal of these letters which includes his experience in journeys and several paperss by the United States committee.Calvert Vaux who is besides one of Americas well-known designer / Landscape designer. He besides shaped some of Americas most outstanding landscape during the 19Thursdaycentury. He worked with celebrated landscape figures such as Andrew Jackson Downing and subsequently with Frederick Olmsted, and therefore Vauxs manner on the landscape architecture was ignored in the 20Thursdaycentury. Vaux was an optimist who worked difficult throughout his calling and life to better the life conditions of the lower category and promoted art instruction for all.Calvert Vaux had been successful in Architecture before t he age of 24, where he came to America and met Downing. And after the sudden decease of toss kill in the 1854, the undertaking of planing the evidences of the capitol and the Smithsonian Intuition has yet been completed in America.In Vaux private life, he was a adult male of remarkable pureness, kindness and trustworthy. Although he lacked of socialising accomplishments, which was able to let him to hold a better place. But he still had many achievements and pattern of the best type. The calling of Vaux was an animating one for those immature creative persons who are fighting every bit good as citizens who are labouring and working in civic and small town betterments.Although the 1870s were Vauxs most productive old ages but he latter shortly found out that his High Victorian Gothic Style against the lifting popularity of neoclassic manner had shortly made his worked looked dull and outdated. Even though he won the undertakings with the High Victorian designer, for the American Museum of History every bit good as the Metropolitan Museum of Art and constructing the first contour of each of them, he shortly lost the undertakings for go oning the ulterior parts, due to the multiple reappraisals that the edifices had. His ability to win over big undertakings shortly beads, and he turned to planing Lodge houses and other good edifices for the Childrens countenance Society located over in New York City. Apart from that he besides devoted his in the end few old ages of life in concentrating undertakings on the New York Public Parks as landscape designer, which led him to plan several little Parkss throughout the metropolis and besides being able to go on his work on the Central Park. At his decease during 1895, Vaux did non take the function in the developments of architecture in America but he had left a long and unforgotten undertakings.In their late eightiess both Frederick Olmsted and Vaux collaborated with each other on Particular undertakings such as sup plying free design assistance to the metropolis of Newburgh ( New York ) where they construct a park in memory of Andrew Jacks.Their concluding coaction concerns the Niagara Reservation. An untaught the province of New York bought as to forestall any signifier of commercial development which will agree the scenery. Both Olmsted and Vaux composed their programs that would resuscitate the Niagaras dramatic sceneries doing it accessible to tourist.In decision I ideate that both Landscape Architects did manner beyond their portion in the professional pattern of Landscape Architecture as they were really sensitive towards minor inside informations such as the landform, clime alterations, materials/surfaces and the ideas / activities of the people. They did non pretermit other points in its design such as transit in which are widely used bowlder clay this twenty-four hours where they are able to plunge themselves in to the landscape, instead than being separated and divided.They besid es tried to do roads and way efficient for both walkers every bit good as vehicles. And the landscapes that both work forces design had particular qualities in them where its designed towards tranquil and peaceable emotions. These psychological design qualities are a immense advantage towards the users in footings of de-stressing themselves and being able to look up to the elegant sceneries.

Online Grade Evaluation System Essay

In the absence of internal processes for evaluating instructors teaching abilities, most colleges and universities arrange the responsibility on students. But is this fair to faculty? After all, a whiff of conflict of engage hangs over the whole proceeding. Students might grade a professor poorly as payback for a bad grade, for example. Conversely, students might give great reviews to instructors who dole extinct As like Halloween candy. Or they might not even bother to respond.Now, with more and more institutions moving their course evaluations online, the question is whether engine room will compound these concerns or resolve them. Early research suggests that faculty may actually usefulness from the move online. Jessica Wode, an academic research analyst with the Office of Evaluation and Assessment at Columbia College clams (IL), performed a review of the academic literature on online course-evaluation assessments last spring. Her conclusion Worries that students with grudge s argon the most seeming to fill out online forms are unfounded. You actually find the opposite, explains Wode. Either there is no effect or the students who did poorly in the descriptor probably arent even going to bother evaluating the course. Indeed, there are indications that online evaluation systems may actually suppress federation among poor performers. In her unpublished dissertation at James Madison University (VA) in 2009, researcher Cassandra Jones found that class performance played a section in determining which students filled out an online evaluation Students who received higher grades in a class were more likely to fill out a survey.As a result, noted Jones in her paper, course-evaluation ratings could be artificially inflated because students with lower grades are not participating in the online course-evaluation process. It would not be effortful to find a host of faculty members who would disagree strongly with these findings. And there is some question som e the reliability of statistical analysis of online evaluations, given the low participation rates for many online systems.Indeed, anemic participation levels may be the single biggest issue facing online evaluations. At schools that simply ask their students to fill out online class evaluations, a typical response rate is around 50 percent, according to Response order in Online Teaching Evaluation Systems, a 2009 report by James Kulik of the Office of Evaluations and Examinations at the University of Michigan. In contrast, the typical response rate for paper-based evaluations is around 66 percent, and often much higher.

The Legality, Morality, and Social Responsibility

The Patient Protection and low-priced C be bear was signed into law on March 23rd, 2010. The Act is a daring attempt by chairman Barack Obama to repair the wellness give c atomic number 18 remains in the unite States. The new healthcare reform dress is historical beca give of its scope and size. Opponents to the healthcare represent stir it is an attempt to gain the size and power of the federal governance and it is one of the oversizedst measure increase in the history of the world, despite it cosmos almost equally in size to President Clinton 1993 tax increase (Obamacare isnt the largest, 2012).There is an abundance of questions surrounding the new healthcare act ranging from the constitutionality of Act to the good and deterrent example ramifications of such wide sweeping legislation. This newsprint pass on attempt to answer somewhat of these questions as they meet to healthcare take into accountr Florida unsanctified. We leave alone as well explore how Florida patrician is transitioning as a comp both low these new laws and their role as a favorablely responsible comp apiece in the community. On June 28, 2012, the imperative court of law rendered a final decision to uphold the cheap manage Act.According to (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2008) this was possible due President Lincolns leadership, seeing the jural system it was restored to be more liberal, justified, and democratic. The idea is that every law en fits the government of the nation, by the people, and for the people to nominate laws that befit the people. The constitution was effectively written to allow for flexibility. The new provide would allow families and small business owners the ability to make choices that work best for them. The power of the government is split into three branches judicial, executive, and legislative.In come out for a bill to be beat law, all three branches of government must pass it. That separation of power is what does not allow one br anch from becoming more powerful than any of the early(a)s. Under the law, the new Patients Bill of Rights gives the Ameri evict people the stability and flexibility they urgency to make informed choices ab protrude their health. (Obama, 2013) The main purpose of President Obamas bold healthcare reform was to address the dropability and musical note of health care as well as to curb the growth of healthcare disbursement in the United States.Many of the provisions in the low-cost manage Act are aimed at fixing these major issues facing the U. S health care and redress industries. In the idea of not only helping the people to consider and obtain health policy. The group agrees that the law is constitutional and should be addressed, in most countries thither are laws stating that you much have health insurance and establish on your income you get it for free or you pay a very small amount. The United States has waited a keen-sighted time to enact this law and should be enforce .Despite evidence to the contrary, explained in the joint dissent the Chief judge named Roberts, along with 4 other Justices Breyer, Ginsberg, Kagan, and Sotowhitethornor upheld Obamacares penalty imposed upon individuals failure to purchase federally-approved health insurance (the Individual Mandate) as within telling taxing power. A majority of the Court held that the Constitutions Commerce Clause did not grant Congress the power to institute an individual mandate.A significant distribute of the laws Medicaid provision was partially overturned as an unconstitutional coercive federal spending condition imposed on the states. Instead of entirely striking down this provision, the Secretary of health and tender-hearted Services is prevented from withholding current Medicaid federal spending to those states who decide not to participate in Obamacares Medicaid expansion. (Teller, 2012). Whether Obamacare was upheld as a proper exercise of Congress taxing power or through the avoc ation power is simply a distinction without a difference.The law as it was before the Supreme Court decision is virtually the same as it was afterward. But, as a matter of legal precedent and fair legislating, such a de shapeination is monumentally important in toll of how future cases of congressional power depart be decided, as well as how bills are crafted for devotion. The Chief Justices opinion accepted the long-standing history of Congress attaching conditions upon states in exchange for receiving federal funding downstairs Congress Article I, instalment 8, Clause 1 spending power.17 The legitimacy of this power rests on whether the State voluntarily and knowingly accepts the terms of the contract, since the Constitution has never been understood to confer upon Congress the ability to require States to govern according to Congresss instructions. 18 When pressure turns into compulsion, the legislation runs contrary to our system of federalism, (Teller, 2012). Florida B lue, the largest health insurer in the state of Florida, had to reinstate 300,000 policies in order to meet the new low-priced Healthcare Act requirements.Florida Blue is attempting to actuate some(prenominal) of these costly new healthcare requirements, which now include things such as maternity/ young care, mental health serve, substance abuse function, and emergency services. These services will now be cover by individual and small market plans. Under this new law anyone the government determines can afford healthcare, and does not purchase it by 2014, whitethorn have to pay a fine. This fee will be referred to as an individual state payment, individual mandate or penalty.The Supreme Court of the United States has inviolable the Affordable sympathize with Act, and its provisions, are constitutional and have upheld the lawfulness of the act. Therefore a discussion regarding its legality would be mute. However, the ethical ramifications of the act are worthy of noting and discussing. Ethics is one of the five branches of philosophy that deals with forgiving character and how globe conduct themselves in society. Humans have the freedom of doing various activities that whitethorn eudaemonia them, ethics is essential because it defines their character and conduct.In essence, ethics systematically assesses military man race activities in an attempt of establishing whether they are up obligation or wrong. In a society where chaos and disorder prevails, ethics offers an appropriate solution because it provides respectableeous values, principles, norms, and ideals, which human beingss should adhere to as standard practices of human conduct and behavior. According to (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2008), the goal of ethics is to meet the epistemology of human conduct and character so that it can define the best sorts in which humans can co-exist and attain the real meaning of life.In this view, ethics enables humans to regulate their conduct and character i n order to be more in line with the deterrent example values, norms, ideals, and principles that society cherishes and upholds amidst chaos and confusion. To define and lucubrate ethics, diverse philosophers have come up with theories and models such as utilitarianism, deontology, pragmatic ethics, and postmodern ethics. Hence, this term paper seeks to use utilitarian theory and model in assessing whether it is incorrupt for Florida Blue to implement President Obamas health care reform act.Utilitarian theory is the dominant ethical theory that philosophers and ethicists apply when analyzing human conduct and character. potty Stuart Mill is one of the pioneers and proponents of utilitarian theory. Fundamentally, utilitarian theory belongs to the category of consequential theories that assess piety establish on the subjects of an carry out. According to Mill (2010), rightness or wrongness of an process is dependent on its scoop outs instead than the nature of the action.On this assertion, utilitarian theory rejects the assessment of ethics based on the actions. Hence, utilitarian theory assumes that human actions have no morality in themselves unless assessed using their consequences. Cavico and Mujtaba (2009) argue that an action is chastely right if its consequences are safe(p), and it is morally wrong if its consequences are bad. Hence, the consequences of an action are central in determining if an action is right or wrong. The utilitarian theory also assesses the degree of morality or the extent to which an action is right or wrong.According to the utilitarian theory, for an action to be morally right, it must generate greatest happiness or pleasure to most people and cause the least pain and harm (Mill, 2010). In this view, the theory does not only assess the degree of morality basing on the consequences, but also assesses morality basing on the number of people that gain happiness or experience pain. In the examination of utilitarian theory, (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009) state that the consequence of an action should be good and beneficial to most people in the society.In this view, utilitarian theory requires consideration of actions consequence and the number of people that experience happiness or pain. Thus, an action is morally right if its consequences are good and beneficial to most stakeholders, and it is morally wrong if its consequences are bad and insalubrious to most stakeholders. The use of the utilitarian model in the assessment of human actions provides a quantitative way of analyzing morality. The utilitarian model apportions numerical values to goodness and badness of an actions consequences.The goodness of an action has a positive scale of 1 to 5 (1 to 5) while the badness of an action has a blackball scale of 1 to 5 (-1 to -5). Zero is an intermediate value on the scale, which shows that actions consequence is neither good nor bad to a specific stakeholder. The utilitarian model quantifies the degree of pleasure and pain, which are consequences of an action (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). Therefore, the term paper utilizes the utilitarian model in establishing if it is moral for Florida Blue to implement the Affordable Health Care plan. 1.The act that the term paper seeks to evaluate using the utilitarian model is whether it is moral for Florida Blue to implement the Affordable Health Care plan. 2. The following are the stakeholders that the writ of execution of the health care reform affects, both directly and indirectly. a) The government The predictable good is that the government will improve general health of the population, and thus enhances the health of the nation. However, the foreseeable bad consequence is that the cost necessary to sustain health care reforms may not be sustainable in the end.b) Health care system The foreseeable good of the health care reforms is that the health care system will offer improved whole tone of healthcare services (Rosenbaum, 2011). Given tha t role of healthcare services depend on many factors, the foreseeable bad is that the quality of care may deteriorate with time. c) Florida Blue The foreseeable good of the health care reform in Florida Blue is that it will increase the number of patients and thus improve its growth. However, Florida Blue may not be able to fulfill the demands of the patients.d) Insurance companies If Florida Blue implements health reforms, the foreseeable good is that it will provide a competitive environment for insurance companies. The foreseeable bad consequence is that the insurance companies will increase insurance premiums. e) Healthcare providers and work environment The foreseeable good of the health reforms is that it will improve competence, remuneration packages, and the working environment of healthcare providers. Since the number of patients will increase in Florida Blue, theforeseeable bad consequence is that healthcare providers will have to perform extra duties to serve all patie nts. f) Patients The foreseeable good among patients is that they will receive quality services that they have been unable to afford. Nevertheless, the foreseeable bad consequence is that the quality of healthcare services offered to patients may deteriorate with time. g) Citizens and society Since health care reforms legally require citizens to acquire health insurance coverage, the foreseeable good is improved health and lifespan of the people.However, the foreseeable bad consequence is that the cost of health insurance may increase and become unaffordable to many people. Quantification of Good and horrid Consequences Stakeholders Foreseeable Good Foreseeable Bad a) The government +5 -2 b) Health care system +4 -3 c) Florida Blue +3 -3 d) Insurance companies +5 -1 h) Healthcare providers +3 -3 e) Environment +4 -2 f) Patients +5 -2 g) Citizens +3 -3 h) Society +4 -2 i) Total 37 -22 Conclusion The assessment of the act of implementing the affordable health care plan in Florida sho ws that it has more good than bad.Since the good consequences of implementing Obamas health care reform outweigh the bad consequences, from the utilitarian perspective, it implies that the act is moral in the case of Florida Blue. The utilitarian analysis shows that Florida Blue should implement health reforms to improve healthcare services that it provides to all stakeholders. Another major ethical work exploring is the Kantian Ethical Principle. Kantian ethics originated from the German philosopher Immanuel Kant.It revolves around his workGroundwork (or Foundation) of the Metaphysics of Morals (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). The undercoat of Kants work was reason. Kant deduced that reason is the source for morality. To Kant, morality relied only on human reason. His definition and elaboration on morality excluded conscience, law, and utility. According to Kant, to be moral is to be rational (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). Morality and rationality must coexist therefore, morality consists of acting rationally. It must be noted, however, that rationality must be employed to arrive at a moral finis.The intellectual use of reason, or intellectualism, is a form of egoism and does not serve a purpose toward morality (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). In comparison to the utilitarian approach, the Kantian approach does not take into account happiness when deciding morality. Kant deduced that haughtiness and worth were not fulfilled from a sense of happiness, but kinda from the ability to reason. After all, it can be argued that the human ability to reason is the only differentiation from other species. Happiness, or the lack there of, is not an appropriate measure for morality.In summary of Kantian ethics, it is not arriving at a moral conclusion that is the challenge (any rational human can do that), it is possessing the self-control to follow through with what is right, irrespective of consequences. The unconditional Imperative is the principle which Kant called the supreme ethi cal principle (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). A categorical imperative regards certain actions are absolutely vital, regardless of desires or end matter. The rules that surround moral conduct are, according to Kant, absolute. Kant went on to execute a test to discern between moral and immoral actions.His categorical imperative must satisfy three conditions, without exception. The three conditions that an action must have to be moral are as follows 1) the action must have the possibility to be made consistently universal, 2) it must respect rational beings as ends in themselves, and 3) the action must stem from and respect the autonomy of rational beings. Kant concluded that by material the aforementioned conditions, the question of morality would be unaffected by consequences, soulfulnessal gain, and compulsions. Instead, any rational human being would be able to rationalize the morality of actions by fulfillment of his three tests.In determining the morality of the Affordable Care Ac t using Kants Categorical Imperative, the main point of localize will be the morality to the intended benefactors (United States citizens and legal residents) from the law. The first test forces one to ask oneself can the Affordable Care Act be applied universally? For arguments sake, universally implies throughout the United States for this analysis. Furthermore, satisfaction of the first test eliminates any individuals from regarding themselves as special. Rather, nobody is exempt from the moral law. The Affordable Care Act will require U. S. citizens and legal residents to obtain healthcare. Healthcare for all U. S. citizens and legal residents can be consistently universal. Furthermore, with proper planning, the idea behind the Affordable Care Act can be sustained. Currently, the U. S. has many uninsured pockets of people that are unable to get a routine medical exam without a hefty fee. Although there are caveats in the Affordable Care Act, it can be applied boilersuit to the majority of the population. The Kantian tests for determining morality disregard privilege. Instead, by applying universal healthcare, a rational person can deduce that everyone obtaining healthcare is logical and consistent. The first test is satisfied. Kants second test is called the terra firma of Ends test. This test works to further eliminate the possibility of immorality by taking into account the human condition. Kant states that, for each one people must be treated by every other person as an end (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). Again, we are forced to reexamine whether the Affordable Care Act treats each person with self-worth and respect and as a valuable and worthwhile entity. The current state of healthcare denies various groups of people the ability to obtain medical care. Through his second test, Kant holds the immanent worth of human beings as an indispensable truth. Thus, by existing as a human, one has an unconditional value. Because a rational human would be able to identify their own intrinsic value, so would they be able to identify that value in others. The Affordable Care Act extends healthcare coverage to individuals that would previously have no viable options. In addition, it minimizes discrimination by encompassing groups of people that have consistently gone without healthcare coverage.By expanding Medicaid to 133% of the federal need level, alone, the government is extending its recognition of intrinsic worth to those that have been previously disregarded. The Kingdom of Ends test is centered on human dignity by extending healthcare coverage, the U. S. government has empowered more individuals to be free to make a choice of what medical services to pursue. Although the implementation of the Affordable Care Act may result in higher costs to the public, the self-interest of individuals is not a basis for determining morality.Rather, the freedom, empowerment, and recognition of intrinsic worth provided by the activation of the Affordabl e Care Act satisfies the second test. The final test is deemed the Agent-Receiver try out. This third test allows for further dissection of an act. The use of the Agent-Receiver Test in relation to the Affordable Care Act is extremely relevant and allows for a more black-and-white approach by further stripping any vested self-interest. A rational person must be able to accept the action or rule, regardless if they are the agent (giver) or receiver of the action or rule (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009).Would an individual accept the Affordable Care Act whether they were supplying or receiving the reachs? In this case, there are stereotypically many white collar, amphetamine middle-class U. S. citizens that oppose the act because of the implied rise is costs for themselves. However, a rational person would be able to remove their selfish motive by analyzing it from the point of view of the receivers. Say the individual was, instead, an uninsured, 20-something pregnant woman barely living in a higher place the federal poverty line, would they still oppose the act?The Affordable Care Act allows healthcare to become more impartial to people using it. The Agent-Receiver test, thus, proves the act moral. Analyzing such a complex act, such as the Affordable Care Act, does present exceptions and caveats as it is currently written. The overall basis behind the creation and implementation of the act aims to value more humans and increase dignity and self-worth. By removing individual motive and self-interest, the Kantian model for determining morality strives to decide morality based on impartial tests.After reviewing and applying the three tests to the Affordable Care Act, we have found it is moral. The theory of ethical emotism is centered on feelings and emotions (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). David Hume is credited as one of the most important contributors to the idea of the emotist theory. The theory is ethical emotism lies on the other side of ethical theory spectrum from t he Kantian model. In the Kantian model, reason is the basis for morality, but in ethical emotism, reason is merely a tool employed to help one judge morality.In ethical emotism, the act itself is not used to decide morality, rather the feelings from the act are what is important. Morality is viewed as a purely emotional response and is, therefore, extremely ingrained under this theory. Although ethical emotism is, on the surface, a rather innocent measure of morality, it often overlaps with ethical relativism and utilitarianism. The concepts behind ethical emotism can be laid out simply. If one has positive emotions towards an act, the act is deemed moral and good. If one has negative emotions toward an act, that act would be deemed immoral or bad.In terms of the morality surrounding the Affordable Care Act, ethical emotism can present some consequences that will not allow for a sound moral conclusion. First and foremost, this theory relies heavily (entirely) on emotions and emoti ons may be very subjective. When employing the emotist theory, the Affordable Care Act must be analyzed from the perspective of each group affected and/or gnarly. Because of the subjectivity of emotions, different groups of people will feel different ways, thus, creating the large possibility of different moral conclusions.As an example, a 24 year old, recent college graduate, in an entry level, stripped salary position may feel positively active the act because they can be under their parents insurance for an additional two years. The implementation of Affordable Care Act is moral in this exemplification because of the positive feelings felt by the receiver. However, five years later, this same individual may be earning a higher income, invested in real estate, and covering their own health insurance with no assistancetheir feelings may have changed. The aforementioned individual likely has negative feelings regarding the Affordable Care Act because of higher taxes.In this sens e, the implementation of the Affordable Care Act is immoral. The changing of ones feeling is a big consequence of the ethical emotism theory. Since individuals will deem the Affordable Care Act moral or immoral based on their own individual feelings, reaching a general and standardized consensus is impossible. From the prospective of those becoming suitable for obtaining healthcare, the act is likely moral. Those individuals have not had or have lost the opportunity to make decisions about their health and are feeling extremely positive about the act.On the other hand, individuals who have had no conundrum covering their healthcare insurance costs could have feelings of disapproval towards the Affordable Care Act. In their case, the act is seen as simply a probable increase in their own taxes. Moral conclusions are subjective under the ethical emotism theory and must be addressed individually. Many different theories can be used to help decipher morality, especially on large-scale issues like the Affordable Care Act. However, each theory must be maximized, while taking into account the consequences that accompany each train of thought.The above theories discussed use various criteria to determine morality. However, ethics and morality become an even greater point of focus when applied to real world scenarios. Ethics and morality must transcend their place as theories of regard and come into play in our current world. In the case of Florida Blue, it is certain they will have to cross the Affordable Care Act if they want to continue as a functioning healthcare provider. As the company will likely continue to grow in size and influence, they will likely take a closer look at their role within American society.It is becoming a prescribeting green trend among many high stature corporations to integrate a humane tactic into their companys strategic plans. Companies are beginning to give backrest to the community, while in return noticing the positive reply c onsumers are developing towards their product especially when they see the companys brand is perceived in a positive and philanthropic light. Now more than ever before, corporations have taken notice of the change magnitude benefits being perceive as a positive, giving company can bring such as an increased rate of profitable.This sincere act of kindness, which no company is legally liable to fulfill, is what we call mixer responsibility. Social responsibility is the act of an entity to provide a need for the community. When a corporation takes the initiative to cause a solution for society, they are deemed as a socially responsible firm. The government activity is not necessarily the last resort or the only solution to the problem, however the corporation takes ownership of the need and the responsibility for creating a solution for a particular problem their consumers face.The success factors and formulation of fulfilling the act of a socially responsible entity, quoted by (C avico & Mujtaba, 2008), according to Banks, a few reasons for being a socially responsible firm is by 1) obtaining a social license to operate from key stakeholders, 2) ensuring sustainable competitiveness, 3) creating new business opportunities, 4) attracting and retaining quality investors and business partners, 5) securing cooperation from local communities, 6) avoiding difficulties due to socially irresponsible behavior, 7) obtaining governmentsupport, and 8) building political capital. Florida Blue, formerly known as Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida, is a not-for-profit health insurance company that strives on social responsibility. In preparation for the Affordable Care Act, Florida Blue has prepared several different tools for consumers to utilize to get up themselves about the new law that will eventually have an effect on everyone in the U. S. Florida Blue has created a Health Care Reform eBook that can be downloaded on any tablet. This eBook is constantly being updated as changes are continuously being made to the law.Also, to ensure they are doing their due diligence as an educational source for the community, the app is getable in English, Spanish and Creole. According to Florida Blue CEO, Pat Geraghty, between the 16, in brief to be 18, Retail Centers across the state the company will have organized over 3,000 Health Care Reform seminars by the end of the year. As a socially responsible company, these tools Florida Blue has put tremendous amounts of effort into creating, are not only procurable to Florida Blue members, but they are available to the general public.Whether you are insured with another company, not insured at all, or insured with Florida Blue, the organization prides on being a tool for Floridians to turn to in reaction to this new law that has many consumers dumfounded. In addition to being accessible by any member of our community, all of these tools are complimentarily available to the consumer market. Florida Blue has been in preparation for Health Care Reform since 2006 when they opened their first Retail Center.With the Affordable Care Act implementing a new focus gearing towards individual plans, and steering away from the long-familiar and accustomed group plan, Florida Blue has built these Retail Centers to accommodate merchandising to the individual rather than selling to the employer (Health Insurance Companies, 2013). These Retail Centers offer the personal experience that consumers need and allow health care shoppers and customers to build a relationship with one individual agent that they can rely on and come back to time and time again with any questions and concerns.In addition to face-to-face Retail Centers, there is a FloridaBlueHealthCareReform. com website that anyone can visit, a Health Care Reform hotline facilitated by employees trained to specialize in the Affordable Care Act, and customers can also call into any Retail Center and talk to any gross revenue or service consultant ov er the phone just as you would meet with them in person. In any recommendation of social responsibility it would be a wise business decision for a company to partake in socially responsible acts.As (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2008), state, business also gains an improved public realize by being socially responsible. An enhanced social image should attract more customers and investors and thus provide positive benefit for the firm. For a company to engage in community affairs in order to enhance the level of success it would be somewhat foolish not to participate in socially responsible acts in an effort in improve your companys prosperity, while achieving greater good for consumers.Overall, is it a legal requirement for companies to be socially responsible? No. Is it implied that companies should partake in some type of social responsibility to enhance the well-being of the community in order for them to be considered a moral organization? Yes. It is solely up to the discretion of a corpor ation and their shareholders whether they determine to provide a socially responsible contribution for their consumers, but more than likely it is in their benefit to give back to the community they operate in and engage in socially responsible acts.To be perceived in a positive manner, generally has a positive return on investment for the company and their shareholders. It is simple to determine that being socially responsible has a positive impact on all parties involved in the act. As mentioned earlier in this paper, the legality of the Affordable Care Act, and its implementation by Florida Blue, has been deemed legal by the Supreme Court.Ethical analysis of the Affordable Care Act and Florida Blue using the Utilitarian and Kantian ethical theories have all proven both the Act, and the implementation of the Act by Florida Blue, to be ethical. It was also shown that using the Ethical Emotism theory for such a complex matter would provide mixed results and no definitive answer woul d likely ever be reached. Florida Blue continues to develop tools that help explain and fill the average consumer through the new healthcare process.By providing information to all consumers-not just their clients, holding fairs and encouraging face-to-face contact, they are continually shaping the publics perception of their company and attempting to show the public they are committed to assisting them regardless of whether or not they are members. It would be in Florida Blues benefit to continue to show good will and become further engaged in the neighborhoods where they operate. It is our opinion that Florida Blue will continue to grow as they now have access to new groups of people seeking insurance.